Why is glucose low in CSF meningitis?
The reason for the reduced glucose levels associated with bacterial meningitis was believed to be the need for glucose as fuel by infiltrating immune cells in response to infection. However, the possibility that the bacteria itself could manipulate glucose concentrations in the brain had not been explored before now.
Is glucose high or low in bacterial meningitis?
In bacterial meningitis, the CSF glucose level (reference range, 40-70 mg/dL) is less than 40 mg/dL in 60% of patients. A simultaneous blood glucose determination should be obtained for the purposes of comparison.
How does meningitis affect blood glucose?
The majority of patients with bacterial meningitis have hyperglycemic blood glucose levels on admission. Hyperglycemia can be explained by a physical stress reaction, the central nervous system insult leading to disturbed blood-glucose regulation mechanisms, and preponderance of diabetics for pneumococcal meningitis.
Why is glucose normal in viral meningitis?
Abnormalities in CSF glucose concentration CSF glucose levels can be useful in distinguishing among causes of meningitis as more than 50% of patients with bacterial meningitis have decreased CSF glucose levels while patients with viral meningitis usually have normal CSF glucose levels.
What causes increase and decrease in CSF glucose levels?
Chemical meningitis, inflammatory conditions, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and hypoglycemia also cause hypoglycorrhachia (low glucose level in CSF). Elevated levels of glucose in the blood is the only cause of having an elevated CSF glucose level.
Which CSF results are most consistent with bacterial meningitis explain your answer?
According to Seupaul, the following 3 findings on CSF analysis have clinically useful likelihood ratios for the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis in adults : CSF glucose−to−blood glucose ratio of 0.4 or lower. CSF WBC count of 500/µL or higher. CSF lactate level of 31.53 mg/dL or higher.
What does CSF look like in bacterial meningitis?
Bacterial meningitis See the list below: Appearance: Clear, cloudy, or purulent. Opening pressure: Elevated (>25 cm H2 O) WBC count: >100 cells/µL (>90% PMN); partially treated cases may have as low as 1 WBC/µL.
Does bacterial infection raise blood sugar?
“Infection is a metabolic stress, and it raises your blood sugar,” Dr. Garber says. It can be hard to know how you will respond to each infection, he adds.
What is the normal glucose level of cerebrospinal fluid CSF?
Normal Results The glucose level in the CSF should be 50 to 80 mg/100 mL (or greater than 2/3 of the blood sugar level). Note: Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Talk to your health care provider about the meaning of your specific test results.
Why is protein high in CSF in bacterial meningitis?
During bacterial infection, the protein level in the CSF goes up, due to the increased numbers of replicating bacteria and body cells fighting the infection, with both of them having a high concentration of protein. High levels of lactate in CSF indicate a higher likelihood of bacterial meningitis.
Is glucose elevated in viral meningitis?
Low CSF glucose levels CSF glucose levels can be useful in distinguishing among causes of meningitis as more than 50% of patients with bacterial meningitis have decreased CSF glucose levels while patients with viral meningitis usually have normal CSF glucose levels.