What is hemoglobin D disease?
People who have hemoglobin D disease have red blood cells that contain mostly hemoglobin D. Too much hemoglobin D can reduce the number and size of red blood cells in your body, causing mild anemia. Hemoglobin D disease is rare and usually does not cause serious health problems.
What are the two variants of hemoglobin D?
There are a number of hemoglobins termed Hemoglobin D (D-Los Angeles or D-Punjab, and D-Ibadan being the most common). These are all inherited variants of normal adult hemoglobin (hemoglobin A) and all have similar clinical implications.
What are the amino acids affected in hemoglobin D?
Hemoglobin D (Hb D Punjab, also known as Hb D Los Angeles) is formed due to substitution of glutamine for glutamic acid, and Hb D Punjab is one of the most commonly observed abnormalities worldwide—found not only in the Punjab region of India but also in Italy, Belgium, Austria, and Turkey.
What is haemoglobin D carrier?
Haemoglobin is the substance in red blood cells that carries oxygen around your body. Being a carrier means you have inherited one usual haemoglobin gene called haemoglobin A from one biological parent and one haemoglobin D gene from your other biological parent. There are different types of haemoglobin D.
Is thalassemia minor and carrier the same?
If you’re a carrier of thalassaemia, it means you carry one of the faulty genes that cause thalassaemia, but you do not have thalassaemia yourself. Being a carrier of the trait is sometimes known as having the thalassaemia trait or having thalassaemia minor.
What are the types of normal Hb?
Normal types of hemoglobin include:
- Hemoglobin (Hgb) A, the most common type of hemoglobin in healthy adults.
- Hemoglobin (Hgb) F, fetal hemoglobin. This type of hemoglobin is found in unborn babies and newborns. HgbF is replaced by HgbA shortly after birth.
Is beta thalassemia serious?
Beta thalassemia major causes major problems and can result in early death. Complications may include delayed growth, bone problems causing facial changes, liver and gall bladder problems, enlarged spleen, enlarged kidneys, diabetes, hypothyroidism, and heart problems.
Where is hemoglobin D found?